Principles of AI › Sources & Reading

Sources & Reading

The standards the course is measured against, the readings behind each unit, and the tools you will use. Every entry says where it is used and whether its link has been checked.

Before you trust any source, AI or human
Who made it?
A named person or group with a track record, or an anonymous page?
What is it based on?
Data, a study, or a primary document. Or just claims?
When was it made?
AI changes fast. Check the date before you trust a number.
Who gains?
Is the author selling a tool, a course or an opinion?
20 sources

About the link badges. 6 of 20 entries were opened and read while this page was built. The rest are well-known sources whose links have not been click-tested, so confirm each opens and says what is described here before you rely on it. Books, papers and decks without a public link are marked.

Standards & frameworks

Five Big Ideas in AI and grade-band progression charts
AI4K12 (AAAI / CSTA)
link checked

The most widely used K-12 AI framework in the US: Perception, Representation & Reasoning, Learning, Natural Interaction, Societal Impact.

Used inCrosswalkOpen source ↗
AI Literacy Framework (AILit), draft
OECD & European Commission · 2025
link checked

Four domains: Engaging with, Creating with, Managing, and Designing AI. This link is press coverage of the May 2025 draft; look up the OECD page for the final text.

Used inCrosswalkOpen source ↗
AI competency framework for students
UNESCO · 2024
link not yet checked

Four dimensions (human-centred mindset, ethics of AI, AI techniques and applications, AI system design) across Understand / Apply / Create.

Used inCrosswalkOpen source ↗
AI Learning Priorities for All K-12 Students
CSTA & AI4K12 (NSF-funded)
link checked

Community-built list of what every K-12 student should learn about AI. Not yet mapped on the crosswalk.

Used inCrosswalkOpen source ↗
HS-ETS1 Engineering Design performance expectations
Next Generation Science Standards
link checked

The engineering-design standards behind the Projects and the capstone Problem. Page shown is HS-ETS1-4; the others are linked from it.

Used inCrosswalk3-3-1Open source ↗
Framework for P-12 Engineering Learning
American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE)
link checked

Common engineering learning goals, preschool through high school. Not yet mapped on the crosswalk.

Used inCrosswalkOpen source ↗
Day of AI curriculum
MIT RAISE
link checked

Free classroom modules, e.g. How Do Machines Learn?, ChatGPT in Schools, Careers in AI. Used for topical comparison, not as a standards list.

Used inCrosswalkOpen source ↗
ISTE Standards for Students
ISTE
link not yet checked

Seven student standards from Empowered Learner to Global Collaborator.

Used inCrosswalkOpen source ↗
Project Lead The Way — Principles of AI course framework
PLTW
link not yet checked

The source curriculum for most Activities, Projects and the Problem. The PLTW lesson-by-lesson crosswalk is on the Crosswalk page.

Used inCourseCrosswalkOpen source ↗

Course readings

How to AI-proof your job
Financial Times (slide deck, via instructor)
no public link

Frames which job tasks AI absorbs and which skills keep value. Anchor reading for the career thread in Unit 3. No public link; ask your teacher.

Used in3-2-23-2-33-3-1
The best, worst and strangest ways AI is really being used at work
Financial Times (slide deck, via instructor)
no public link

Real workplace cases used for sorting tasks and for Task X-Ray examples. No public link; ask your teacher.

Used in3-2-13-2-4

Background reading

A Mathematical Theory of Communication
Claude Shannon · 1948
link not yet checked

Shannon builds English-like text by picking each next word from observed frequencies. The idea behind Next-Word Dice, 70 years before chatbots.

Used in1-1-1Open source ↗
Experiments on the mechanization of game-learning (MENACE)
Donald Michie · 1963
no public link

Michie's matchbox machine that learned to play noughts and crosses, the model for Matchbox Nim. Search the title for the Computer Journal paper.

Used in1-1-3
Model Cards for Model Reporting
Mitchell et al. · 2019
link not yet checked

The paper that proposed model cards, the format students use to report accuracy and failure cases honestly.

Used in1-1-4Open source ↗
OWASP Top 10 for Large Language Model Applications
OWASP GenAI Security Project
link not yet checked

Industry list of how LLM apps get attacked, with prompt injection first. A model for the Red-Team Report.

Used in1-2-11-2-4Open source ↗
On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots
Bender, Gebru, McMillan-Major, Shmitchell · 2021
link not yet checked

A critical, widely cited argument about what language models do and do not understand and where their training text comes from.

Used in1-2-22-2-2Open source ↗
Copyright and Artificial Intelligence
US Copyright Office
link not yet checked

Primary source on who owns AI-assisted work and how training data is treated. Check the date of each report.

Used in2-2-2Open source ↗
The Skill Content of Recent Technological Change
Autor, Levy & Murnane · 2003
no public link

The task-based way of studying automation: jobs are bundles of tasks and technology takes some of them. The idea behind Task X-Ray. Search the title for the Quarterly Journal of Economics paper.

Used in3-2-13-2-33-2-4

Tools & data

Teachable Machine
Google
link not yet checked

Browser tool for training image, sound and pose classifiers without code.

Used in1-1-21-1-4Open source ↗
O*NET OnLine
US Department of Labor
link not yet checked

Free database of tasks, skills and knowledge for each occupation. A real starting point for Talent Stack and Task X-Ray interviews.

Used in3-2-23-2-3Open source ↗
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